Early in her career, Madeleine Leininger recognized the importance of the element of caring in the profession of nursing. Through her observations while working as a nurse, she identified a lack of cultural and care knowledge as the missing component to a nurse’s understanding of the many variations required in patient care to support compliance, healing, and wellness. Show Leininger’s Culture Care Theory attempts to provide culturally congruent nursing care through “cognitively based assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling acts or decisions that are mostly tailor-made to fit with individual, group’s, or institution’s cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways.” The intent of the care is to fit with or have beneficial meaning and health outcomes for people of different or similar culture backgrounds. Culturally congruent care is possible when the following occurs in the nurse-patient relationship: “Together the nurse and the client creatively design a new or different care lifestyle for the health or well-being of the client. This mode requires the use of both generic and professional knowledge and ways to fit such diverse ideas into nursing care actions and goals. Care knowledge and skill are often repatterned for the best interest of the clients. Thus all care modalities require coparticipation of the nurse and clients (consumers) working together to identify, plan, implement, and evaluate each caring mode for culturally congruent nursing care. These modes can stimulate nurses to design nursing actions and decisions using new knowledge and culturally based ways to provide meaningful and satisfying wholistic care to individuals, groups or institutions.” Leininger’s model has developed into a movement in nursing care called transcultural nursing. In 1995, Leininger defined transcultural nursing as “a substantive area of study and practice focused on comparative cultural care (caring) values, beliefs, and practices of individuals or groups of similar or different cultures with the goal of providing culture-specific and universal nursing care practices in promoting health or well-being or to help people to face unfavorable human conditions, illness, or death in culturally meaningful ways.” Leininger developed new terms for the basic concepts of her theory. The concepts addressed in the model are:
The theory’s culturalogical assessment provides a holistic, comprehensive overview of the client’s background. The assessment addresses the following:
Leininger proposes that there are three modes for guiding nurses judgments, decisions, or actions in order to provide appropriate, beneficial, and meaningful care: preservation and/or maintenance; accommodation and/or negotiation; and re-patterning and/or restructuring. The modes have greatly influenced the nurse’s ability to provide culturally congruent nursing care, as well as fostering culturally-competent nurses. Leininger’s model makes the following assumptions:
The Culture Care Theory defines nursing as a learned scientific and humanistic profession that focuses on human care phenomena and caring activities in order to help, support, facilitate, or enable patients to maintain or regain health in culturally meaningful ways, or to help them face handicaps or death. The Sunshine Model is Leininger’s visual aid to the Culture Care Theory. How do you do a cultural assessment on a patient?In a brief cultural assessment, you should ask about ethnic background, religious preference, family patterns, food preferences, eating patterns, and health practices. Before the assessment, know the key topics to address and know how to address them without offending the patient and family.
What is the most important aspect of providing culturally competent nursing care?Culturally Competent Care in Nursing
Cultural competence helps the nurse to understand, communicate, and interact with people effectively. More specifically, it centers around: Understanding the relationship between nurses and patients. Acquiring knowledge of various cultural practices and views of the world.
How can nurses provide culturally competent care?There are many things nurses can do to provide culturally sensitive care to an increasingly diverse nation:. Awareness. ... . Avoid Making Assumptions. ... . Learn About Other Cultures. ... . Build Trust and Rapport. ... . Overcome Language Barriers. ... . Educate Patients About Medical Practices. ... . Practice Active Listening.. Which nursing activity comes first when providing culturally congruent care?Which nursing activity has priority when providing culturally congruent care? Self-reflection concerning beliefs associated with the client's culture.
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