Online Course NRSG 780 - Health Promotion and Population HealthModule 4: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary PreventionLevels of PreventionThere are three levels of prevention: primary, secondary and tertiary. Show
Primary PreventionPrimary prevention describes interventions aimed at preventing occurrences of disease, injury or disability. Primary prevention strategies focus on a population the does not have a disease that an initiative is trying to prevent. Immunizations are a familiar example of primary prevention. As a society, we are very concerned with vaccine-preventable diseases. Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/downloads/child/0-18yrs-child-combined-schedule.pdf Source: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/downloads/COVID-19-immunization-schedule-ages-6months-older.pdf Pediatric and family practitioners and many parents recognize the importance of and follow the vaccine schedules for children. Proof of immunizations is required by many institutions, such as day care, schools and health care settings. This requirement further reinforces this primary prevention measure. Another example of primary prevention is exercise. Let's Move! was an initiative, launched by the former First Lady, that provides parents with helpful information to help children become more physically active, eat a healthy diet and maintain ideal weight. Not starting smoking or early smoking cessation are also primary prevention strategies geared toward preventing heart disease, cancer, stroke and many other diseases. Secondary PreventionSecondary prevention describes initiatives aimed at early detection and treatment of disease before signs and symptoms occur. Secondary prevention focuses on the population that has disease, but in its earliest stage. With early detection and intervention, secondary prevention strategies can be effective and significantly enhance health care outcomes. Secondary prevention is often equated with screening, but it is actually broader than screening alone and includes early intervention. Screening is defined in terms of What, Who and Why. Population screening is not appropriate for all diseases. Screenings should focus on important health problems that result in significant morbidity and mortality for the population as a whole. This would include:
Criteria for screening include:
If there is not an acceptable form or treatment, or early detection/treatment does not improve the outcomes, or few of the other criteria are met, then screening may be inappropriate. Successful screening programs are:
Validity is measured by sensitivity and specificity. Commit the definitions below to memory:
Screening is appropriate when there is a significant latent phase and detecting the problem early will lead to improved outcomes and improved survival. Evaluation of a Screening Program - screening programs are considered effective when they:
*not all of these are appropriate for community screening settings Tertiary PreventionTertiary Prevention includes interventions aimed at preventing further morbidity, limiting disability and avoiding mortality and interventions aimed at rehabilitation from disease, injury or disability. Examples: insulin for diabetes, penicillin for pneumococcal pneumonia, CVD exercise programs, drug therapy, substance abuse treatment programs. Summary: This schematic may help in summarizing primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in relation to disease onset and usual detection. This website is maintained by the University of Maryland School of Nursing (UMSON) Office of Learning Technologies. The UMSON logo and all other contents of this website are the sole property of UMSON and may not be used for any purpose without prior written consent. Links to other websites do not constitute or imply an endorsement of those sites, their content, or their products and services. Please send comments, corrections, and link improvements to . Which nursing intervention is an example of secondary prevention?Secondary prevention
Examples include: regular exams and screening tests to detect disease in its earliest stages (e.g. mammograms to detect breast cancer)
Which population based nursing interventions are examples of primary prevention?Primary prevention consists of interventions aimed at susceptible populations or individuals to prevent disease from occurring. An example of primary prevention is immunizations. Nursing primary prevention interventions also include public education and promotion of healthy behaviors.
Which of these is an example of secondary prevention quizlet?Blood pressure screening for hypertension, audiometric testing for hearing impairment, and skin testing for tuberculosis are examples of secondary prevention.
What does secondary prevention include?Secondary Prevention—screening to identify diseases in the earliest. stages, before the onset of signs and symptoms, through measures such. as mammography and regular blood pressure testing.10. 3.
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