A biologist discovers two populations of an insect species whose members appear identical. Members of one population are found in the leaf litter deep within the woods. Members of the other population are found in the grass at the edge of the woods. The biologist decides to designate the members of the two populations as two separate species. Which species concept is this biologist most closely utilizing? Show Choose one answer.
. . A defining characteristic of allopatric speciation is: Choose one answer.
. . A population that has been hunted to near extinction but is then allowed to recover most likely experienced: Choose one answer.
. . Choose the best answer to fill in the blank. The bones in the forelimbs of birds, bats, humans, and whales are thought to be homologous; this implies that all bones will be the same except in _______. Choose one answer.
. . Choose the best definition of an adaptation. An adaptation refers to: Choose one answer.
. . Consider the following scenario, and then choose the best response. Firecracker seed finches of Africa feed on either large or small seeds, and as a result have developed only large or small beaks. This is likely the result of which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Consider the following scenario, and then choose the best response. In regions of Africa where malaria is prevalent, the sickle allele (HbS) occurs at a high frequency. Which of the following best describes the reason for this? Choose one answer.
. . Elaborate tails in male peacocks and birds of paradise are probably a result of: Choose one answer.
. . Evolutionary theory includes which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Frogs that breed at different times in the same temporary pond are an example of what type of reproductive isolating mechanism? Choose one answer.
. . Gene flow does which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Human infants with intermediate birth weights have a greater chance of survival than those with either higher or lower birth weights. This outcome is an example of _______ selection. Choose one answer.
. . Hybrid breakdown is the result of what kind of reproductive isolation? Choose one answer.
. . In addition to Charles Darwin, who is given credit for the idea of evolution by natural selection? Choose one answer.
. . In what way(s) does/do artificial selection differ from natural selection? Choose the answer that applies to natural selection only. Choose one answer.
. . Natural selection acts on which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Polyploidy is a more common phenomenon in which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . The transfer of a few individuals from one natural population into a new area where such individuals didn’t previously exist is an example of: Choose one answer.
. . The wings of a bat and the wings of a fly are _______ and show morphological _______. Choose one answer.
. . Two closely related species of cats might mate and produce a fertilized egg, which is subsequently aborted. This is an example of: Choose one answer.
. . What type of selection is probably involved when organisms that exhibit one extreme of a trait distribution (such as height, weight, etc.) have a better chance of survival than those organisms exhibiting the opposite extreme of the same trait? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following best describes Darwin’s theory of evolution? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following best describes the conditions in which sympatric speciation occurs? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following best describes the effect of inbreeding on a population? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following best illustrates a biogeographic pattern that provides evidence of evolution? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following can produce new alleles within a population? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following plays the greatest role with respect to the impact of a new mutation? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding mutations and their impact on populations’ genetics? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following examples best illustrates Lamarck’s proposed mechanism for evolution? Choose one answer.
. . According to the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the frequency of heterozygous individuals is represented by which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Choose the best response based on the following scenario: Individuals migrate into a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and they do not alter that equilibrium. Which of the following might be a reason for this? Choose one answer.
. . Choose the best response based on the following scenario: In an isolated population of 500 people, 18% are homozygous recessive for a trait that is governed by two alleles. What is the number of heterozygous people in this population? Choose one answer.
. . If the frequency of a recessive allele in a population in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is 0.5, what is the expected percent of this allele in the next generation? Choose one answer.
. . If the frequency of a recessive allele is 0.26, the frequency of the dominant allele is: Choose one answer.
. . In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the recessive homozygous genotype (q2) is 0.16 and the frequency of a dominant phenotype (p2 + 2pq) is 0.84. What is the expected frequency of the heterozygous carriers (2pq)? Choose one answer.
. . In a population of birds, the wing feathers pigmentation is determined by a single gene with the co-dominant pair of alleles (A1 and A2). Genotype A1A1 has dark brown wing color; genotype A1A2 is light brown, and birds with the genotype A2A2 have a light beige wing color. In this population of 1,000 birds, 350 have dark brown wings, 500 have light brown wings, and 150 birds have light beige wings. What is the A1 allele frequency in this population? Choose one answer.
. . In a study of a natural population of one endangered animal species, researchers collected the data on the observed genotypic frequencies for several genes. When they compared these frequencies with the expected values using the Chi Square test, they found a significant difference. The researchers concluded that this population is not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. What could be the possible cause? Choose one answer.
. . In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the term p2 refers to which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Microevolution is the result of which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . The frequency of heterozygotes in a population will be maximized when the dominant allele is present at what frequency? Choose one answer.
. . When selection favors heterozygotes over homozygotes: Choose one answer.
. . Which evolutionary force intensifies as the size of a population decreases? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is an example of random mating? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following microevolutionary forces is NOT likely to disrupt a population that is in genetic equilibrium? Choose one answer.
. . Which statement(s) are true? Choose one answer.
. . According to the Hawk-Dove game, which of the following is true? Choose one answer.
. . An evolutionary stable strategy does which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Coevolution refers to which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Evolutionary Game Theory links biology to which of the following subjects? Choose one answer.
. . If the Prisoner’s dilemma is played once, according to a cooperative-defect matrix, the highest payoff occurs in which of the following situations? Choose one answer.
. . The Red Queen Hypothesis is associated with which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . When does Nash equilibrium occur? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following does NOT represent an example of an evolutionary arms race? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following provide(s) evidence of predator-prey coevolution? Choose one answer.
. . If we extended the Prisoner’s dilemma to competition between males for mates, the most sustainable long-term strategy for the population would be: Choose one answer.
. . Dolphins and ichthyosaurs look similar but are not closely related to one another. They are considered to be which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Phylogenies can be used for which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Suppose that you need to construct a phylogeny from the genetic distance (difference) matrix data in the table below. The numbers (.065 to .280) show a relative genetic distance between the species (1–5). Which species are closely related and therefore might be grouped together in a phylogeny?  Choose one answer.
. . The cladistic method of analysis is based on which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . What is the correct order of events for conducting a phylogenetic analysis? Choose one answer.
. . What is the historical relationship among lineages or organisms called? Choose one answer.
. . What is the method of deciding on the correct phylogenetic tree that has the fewest number of steps? Choose one answer.
. . What is the model of character evolution that occurs through gradual, small changes accumulating over time? Choose one answer.
. . What is the term associated with a group of species derived from a single common ancestor? Choose one answer.
. . When do gene trees and species trees differ in appearance? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following best describes genes that are paralogous? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is NOT an assumption of building a phylogenetic tree? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is true with respect to an outgroup in a phylogeny construction? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following refers to the situation in which all species in a group share a common ancestor, but not all the species are derived from that common ancestor? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is the most conclusive evidence used to establish the relationship of closely related species? Choose one answer.
. . Choose the best answer. Fossils found further down in a layer of rock are most likely: Choose one answer.
. . Endosymbiotic theory refers to which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Georges Cuvier pointed out that natural catastrophes of the Earth’s geological past are a good explanation for: Choose one answer.
. . Microfossils of ancient single cell organisms reveal: Choose one answer.
. . Mitochondria and chloroplasts are cell organelles found in the Eukaryotic organisms. What is the current theory regarding their origins? Choose one answer.
. . One of the Earth’s largest extinctions occurred at the end of which geological period? Choose one answer.
. . The Cambrian Explosion resulted in: Choose one answer.
. . The earliest prokaryotes existed: Choose one answer.
. . The end of the dinosaurs occurred during which geological period? Choose one answer.
. . The first animals can be traced back to which geological period? Choose one answer.
. . The ice age that began approximately 2 million years ago is called: Choose one answer.
. . The Punctuated equilibrium model of macroevolution was proposed by paleontologists to explain some discrepancies in the fossil record. Which of the following is true about this model? Choose one answer.
. . What was the contribution of geologist Charles Lyell to the development of evolutionary theory? Choose one answer.
. . Which is NOT considered a volcanic mountain? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following can cause global temperature shifts? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is NOT part of plate tectonics? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following locations had the most impact on Darwin in developing his theory of the origin of species by the means of natural selection? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following organisms would you NOT expect to find preserved as a fossil? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following statements is true? Choose one answer.
. . Why is the fossil record considered incomplete? Choose one answer.
. . A notochord and a dorsal hollow nerve chord are characteristics of: Choose one answer.
. . Clams and squids belong to what animal phylum? Choose one answer.
. . Hair and mammary glands best describe which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . In which of the following taxa does the mature sporophyte depend completely on the gametophyte for nutrition? Choose one answer.
. . Nematodes are characterized by which of the following? Choose one answer.
. . Sponges possess which of the following characteristics associated with all Poriferans? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the animal phyla has the largest number of species in the entire kingdom? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following are the only extant (living) animals that descended directly from dinosaurs? . Which of the following is an example from the division pterophyta? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is considered to be endothermic? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is NOT a gymnosperm? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is NOT a member of the Eukaryota? Choose one answer.
. . Why is a liverwort considered a non-vascular plant? Choose one answer.
. . Working from deep geologic strata toward shallow geologic strata, what is the sequence in which fossils of these groups should make their first appearance? 1. chordates Choose one answer.
. . Unicellular organisms that are typically found in extreme environments, such as thermal vents and extreme salinity, belong to what kingdom and/or domain of life? Choose one answer.
. . Archaic hominins shared an increasing number of physiological features with the genus Homo. They appear to have been capable of bipedal locomotion and made stone tools. When did the first members of the genus Homo appear in the fossil records? Choose one answer.
. . Humans are part of a super-family known as the Hominoidea. This clade consists of eight living genera. Which of following genera are more closely related to Humans than to the other genera? Choose one answer.
. . Races of humans are unlikely to evolve extensive differences because: . Which of the following hypotheses on the fate of pre-modern hominin populations in Europe and Asia has more support in the recent studies? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is NOT correct regarding Human evolution? Choose one answer.
. . Below is a list of some initial problems with Darwin’s theory that have been addressed with advances of genetics and the modern evolutionary biology. Which one is not a part of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution? Choose one answer.
. . In order to understand the origin of life on our planet, evolutionary biologists collaborate with: Choose one answer.
. . Theory of Special Creation is based on _______, while Theory of Evolution is based on _______. Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following best describes an academic position on science and religion, especially in light of evolutionary theory? Choose one answer.
. . Which of the following is a characteristic of genetic drift?Genetic drift is a mechanism of evolution characterized by random fluctuations in the frequency of a particular version of a gene (allele) in a population.
Which of the following statements best describes genetic drift?This is Expert Verified Answer. Answer: Genetic drift is the random fluctuations in the gene frequencies within a population Eliminate.
Which statement about genetic drift is correct?Which statement about genetic drift is correct? ANSWER: Genetic drift becomes increasingly important with increasing population size. The direction of evolutionary change due to genetic drift is random.
What are the 3 causes of genetic drift?Genetic drift is a random process that can lead to large changes in populations over a short period of time. Random drift is caused by recurring small population sizes, severe reductions in population size called "bottlenecks" and founder events where a new population starts from a small number of individuals.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes characteristics of genetic drift
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