Which action would the nurse initially take to reduce health disparities quizlet?

A. Cancer and heart disease

Rationale: Chronic illnesses that are more prevalent in rural areas of the United States include cancer, heart disease, diabetes, depression, injury-related deaths, obesity, and substance abuse. Obesity and chronic illness rates for diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, cancer, and stroke are higher among minority people. Alzheimer's disease and dementia are more common in the older adult. Urbanization is related to increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections.

What are the four components of cultural competence that nurses can demonstrate in providing nursing care regardless of the care delivery setting?
A. Awareness, knowledge, skill, and encounter
B. Patience, sensitivity, openness, and listening
C. Immersion, transcendence, imposition, and attitude Incorrect
D. Ability, understanding, communication, and empathy

What are four basic characteristics of culture?
A. Ever present, shared by all members, expected by all members, adapted to individuals.
B. Dynamic, shared values, provides a baseline for judging other cultures, learned from parents.
C. Ever present, not always shared by all members, not accepted by the group, learned at school.
D. Dynamic, not always shared by all members, adapted to specific conditions, learned by communication and imitation.

ANS: A

While health disparities are the differences among populations in the incidence, prevalence, and outcomes of health conditions, diseases and related complications, health care disparities are differences among populations in the availability, accessibility, and quality of health care services (e.g. screening, diagnostic, treatment, management, and rehabilitation) aimed at prevention, treatment, and management of diseases and their complications.

ANS: D

The nurse is demonstrating culturally congruent care. Culturally congruent care, or care that fits a person's life patterns, values, and system of meaning, provides meaningful and beneficial nursing care. Marginalized groups are populations left out or excluded. Health care disparities are differences among populations in the availability, accessibility, and quality of health care services (e.g. screening, diagnostic, treatment, management, and rehabilitation) aimed at prevention, treatment, and management of diseases and their complications. Transcultural nursing is a comparative study of cultures in order to understand their similarities (culture that is universal) and the differences among them (culture that is specific to particular groups).

An abusive relationship would be an aspect of one's social environment, which includes personal relationships. The determinant education refers to educational level, while economic status deals with income. While behavior is a determinant of health, in this situation it is not the patient's behavior but that of her significant other that has affected her social environment and ultimately determined her health.

TEST-TAKING TIP: Key words or phrases in the stem of the question such as first, primary, early, or best are important. Similarly, words such as only, always, never, and all in the alternatives are frequently evidence of a wrong response. As in life, no real absolutes exist in nursing; however, every rule has its exceptions, SO answer with care.
Text Reference - p. 21

Asking the patient about the pouch and its significance is correct because it is important to be aware of the differences among cultures. Many patients of different cultures find that rituals help them during times of illness. It is important to seek information from the patient about his or her culture. Ignoring the patient's action is incorrect because the nurse needs to demonstrate the ability to understand, appreciate, and work with individuals from different cultures. These patients may practice rituals during times of illness and it is important the nurse is aware of the patient's needs. Informing the patient to lock the pouch in the hospital's safe does not demonstrate culture competence of the nurse. A culturally competent nurse demonstrates the ability to understand, appreciate, and work with individuals from different cultures. Telling the patient that a family member should take the pouch home is incorrect because it is important to allow the patient to practice spiritual and religious rituals that are important to the patient during illness.
Text Reference - p. 25

TEST-TAKING TIP: The most reliable way to ensure that you select the correct response to a multiple-choice question is to recall it. Depend on your learning and memory to furnish the answer to the question. To do this, read the stem, and then stop! Do not look at the response options yet. Try to recall what you know and, based on this, what you would give as the answer. After you have taken a few seconds to do this, then look at all of the choices and select the one that most nearly matches the answer you recalled. It is important that you consider all the choices and not just choose the first option that seems to fit the answer you recall. Remember the distractors. The second choice may look okay, but the fourth choice may be worded in a way that makes it a slightly better choice. If you do not weigh all the choices, you are not maximizing your chances of correctly answering each question.

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