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The Constitutional Convention met in 1787 to address weaknesses in the government under the Articles of Confederation.

Soon the delegates agreed that the Articles had failed and that the Confederation should be replaced with a new form of government.
The three most important changes that were made from the Articles of Confederation to the Constitution were the addition of the House of Representatives and the Senate, the idea of separation of powers, and lastly, checks and balances.

The addition of the House of Representatives and the Senate was an extremely important change from the original government in the Articles of Confederation because it found a very good way to determine state representation.

The idea of separation of powers was also an extremely important change from the Articles of Confederation.
Separation of powers created the 3 branches of our government: Legislative (makes laws), Executive (implements those laws), and Judicial (federal courts).

This is extremely crucial because, prior to the separation of powers, the central government (Congress) was extremely weak and really didn't have the power to do any of the things that they were called to do (impose laws/taxes, etc).
Separation of powers gives specific jobs to different branches in the federal government, which is extremely efficient and effective.
The implementation of checks and balances is a very important change from the Articles of Confederation.

Checks and balances basically limits the power of any one of the three branches of the government.
This is vital because of the fact that it is an essential balance between a central government that is not strong enough and a central government that is too strong.
Without checks and balances, the separation of powers wouldn't work.
These changes lead to the US Constitution

Which powers did Congress not have under the Articles of Confederation?

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress lacked the authority to regulate commerce, making it unable to protect or standardize trade between foreign nations and the various states.

What powers did Congress have under the Articles of Confederation quizlet?

The Articles of Confederation created a national government composed of a Congress, which had the power to declare war, appoint military officers, sign treaties, make alliances, appoint foreign ambassadors, and manage relations with Indians. Under the Articles, the states, not Congress, had the power to tax.

What did the Articles of Confederation have that the Constitution did not?

Ultimately, the largest difference between America's two governing documents is in that the Articles sovereignty resided in the states, and the Constitution was declared the law of the land when it was ratified which significantly increased the power of the federal government.