Is a technique for increasing the frequency of desirable behaviors and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones?

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What is a technique for increasing the frequency of desirable behaviors and decreasing the incidence of unwanted ones?

Developmental Psych Review.

Is the process by which a stimulus increases the chances that a preceding behavior will occur again?

Reinforcement: process by which a stimulus increases the likelihood that a preceding behavior will occur again.

What is an unpleasant stimulus whose removal leads to an increase in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated in the future?

Negative reinforcement is an unpleasant stimulus whose removal leads to an increase in the probability that a preceding response will be repeated in the future (Feldman, 2017), like having to apply ointment to relieve an itchy rash which leads to a higher future likelihood of applying ointment.

What is a basic phenomenon of learning that occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears?

Extinction is one explanation. In psychology, extinction refers to the gradual weakening of a conditioned response that results in the behavior decreasing or disappearing. In other words, the conditioned behavior eventually stops.