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. 2019 Jan;11(1):136-153. doi: 10.1111/tops.12389. Epub 2018 Oct 15. Affiliations
Free PMC article Review Violations of Core Knowledge Shape Early LearningAimee E Stahl et al. Top Cogn Sci. 2019 Jan. Free PMC article AbstractResearch on cognitive development has revealed that even the youngest minds detect and respond to events that adults find surprising. These surprise responses suggest that infants have a basic set of "core" expectations about the world that are shared with adults and other species. However, little work has asked what purpose these surprise responses serve. Here we discuss recent evidence that violations of core knowledge offer special opportunities for learning. Infants and young children make predictions about the world on the basis of their core knowledge of objects, quantities, and social entities. We argue that when these predictions fail to match the observed data, infants and children experience an enhanced drive to seek and retain new information. This impact of surprise on learning is not equipotent. Instead, it is directed to entities that are relevant to the surprise itself; this drive propels children-even infants-to form and test new hypotheses about surprising aspects of the world. We briefly consider similarities and differences between these recent findings with infants and children, on the one hand, and findings on prediction errors in humans and non-human animals, on the other. These comparisons raise open questions that require continued inquiry, but suggest that considering phenomena across species, ages, kinds of surprise, and types of learning will ultimately help to clarify how surprise shapes thought. Keywords: Children; Expectations; Infants; Learning; Object knowledge; Surprise. Copyright © 2018 Cognitive Science Society, Inc. Similar articles
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What is a major criticism of the Core knowledge approach?While such evidence has been used to argue that very young infants are equipped with basic expectations about the world, a frequent criticism of the idea of core knowledge is that it denies or ignores the contributions of development and experience.
What is the basic idea behind the Core knowledge perspective?Core knowledge is a psychological theory that addresses age-old questions of what capacities are present from birth (therefore a product of evolution) and what capacities are acquired through experience.
Which of these is a major criticism of the nativist approach to infant cognitive development?A major criticism of the nativist approach is that these scholars neglect the infant's social immersion in the world and instead focus only on what happens inside the infant's head apart from the environment (Nelson, 2013).
What is the primary focus of Vygotsky's theory of development?Vygotsky's theory focuses on the role of culture in the development of mental abilities e.g. speech and reasoning in children. According to Vygotsky, adults in society foster children's cognitive development by engaging them in challenging and meaningful activities.
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From lecture, the primary criticism of the core knowledge approach in early infancy is that
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