According to routine activities theory, which of the following is not required for a crime to occur

1. Deviance refers to

   Inhaltsverzeichnis Show

   • What is routine activity theory quizlet?
   • What are the 3 basic schools of thought in explaining the causes of crime?
   • What are the four choice theories of crime?
   • What is the general theory of crime quizlet?
   a. A trait
   b. A behavior or action
   c. Something that is always a crime
   d. Both A and B
   

2. According to Smith and Pollack what is considered sinful behavior is often regulated by

   a. religious clergy
   b. citizens
   c. criminal justice
   d. the government
   

3. In regard to the function of deviance and society, what does Durkheim argue will happen if we eliminate all serious crime?

   a. We will eliminate the need for a criminal justice system
   b. People will continue to disagree about what is deviant
   c. We will live in a utopia that is completely free from all deviance
   d. Society will criminalize less serious action
   

4. Mitch, who is very muscular and active, engages in criminal activity. What somatotype would he fit, according to William Sheldon?

   a. Endomorph
   b. Ectomorph
   c. Mesomorph
   d. Sonomorph
   

5. The Salem witch trials were an example of which historical perspective of criminal deviance?

   a. Atavism
   b. Phrenology
   c. Demonology
   d. Somatotypes
   

6. Phrenology is based on the idea that criminal traits could be determined by the study of

   a. body type
   b. skull shape
   c. genes
   d. atavism
   

7. Sterilizing individuals who were thought to have the genetic potential for criminality was related to the perspective of

   a. Lobotomization
   b. Eugenics
   c. Atavism
   d. Phrenology
   

8. Christiansen's twin studies sought to study

   a. genetic influences on crime
   b. psychological influences on crime
   c. sociological influences on crime
   d. cultural link influences on crime
   

9. According to Cohen and Felson, which of the following is not included in Routine Activities Theory?

   a. There is a suitable target
   b. There is a motivated offender
   c. There is a lack of guardians
   d. There is a motivated victim
   

10. A person who chooses to commit crime after strategically assessing the risks and rewards is best described by

    a. Rational Choice Theory
    b. Psychodynamic Theory
    c. Life Course Theory
    d. Social Disorganization Theory
    

11. Jeremy Bentham labeled people who are motivated by pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain

    a. Motivated offenders
    b. Hedonists
    c. Routine offenders
    d. Sadists
    

12. The classical school of criminology is based on the concept of

    a. Free will
    b. Opportunity
    c. Biology
    d. Lack of choice
    

13. Twelve-year-old Molly is allowed to drink alcohol at home with her parents. Learning from these experiences, Molly then drinks when at her friends' houses. Which theory best explains her drinking behaviors?

    a. Differential Association Theory
    b. Neutralization Theory
    c. Social Control Theory
    d. Strain Theory
    

14. According to Freud, which unconscious mental process is the moral compass?

    a. The id
    b. The ego
    c. The superego
    d. The moral self
    

15. According to psychologist August Aichorn, in psychodynamic theory, delinquency could be caused by a lack of parental love, creating

    a. A regulated id
    b. An overdeveloped ego
    c. An undeveloped superego
    d. An Oedipus complex
    

16. Although Johnny loves his cat, he is often too rough with it. To stop the behavior, the parents tell him they will take away his favorite toy. Based on operant conditioning this is considered

    a. Positive reinforcement
    b. Negative reinforcement
    c. Positive punishment
    d. Negative punishment
    

17. Kate admitted committing a crime but said that she did it to help out a close friend. According to Sykes and Matza, what technique of neutralization is represented?

    a. Denial of responsibility
    b. Denial of injury
    c. Condemnation of the condemners
    d. Appeal to higher loyalties
    

18. According to Hans Eysenck, impulsive thrill seekers would be called

    a. Neurotics
    b. Psychotics
    c. Extreme extroverts
    d. Schizophrenic
    

19. Boston has recently had a high turnover of residents who lack bonds to the community. Which theory assumes this will lead to crime in the area?

    a. Social disorganization theory
    b. Strain theory
    c. Delinquent subculture theory
    d. Integrated theory
    

20. Which of the following is not one of Miller's focal concerns of lower class culture?

    a. Toughness
    b. Trouble
    c. Guidance
    d. Fate
    

21. Brittany has a poor relationship with her parents, has no goals for the future, and participates in few extracurricular activities. Which theory assumes this can lead to deviance?

    a. Labeling theory
    b. Self-control theory
    c. Social control theory
    d. Conflict theory
    

22. When a person is labeled deviant and then commits a second crime because of this label, the series of behaviors is termed

    a. the dramatization of evil
    b. primary deviance
    c. secondary deviance
    d. evilization
    

23. Which conflict theory would endorse a campaign for equal rights and equal pay for women for the sake of reducing criminality?

    a. Marxist criminology
    b. Peacemaking criminology
    c. Paternal criminology
    d. Feminist criminology
    

24. A crime reduction program that assists young people in acquiring an education so they can better accomplish their goals without turning to illegal means would likely be based on

    a. Subculture theory
    b. Strain theory
    c. Psychodynamic theory
    d. Peacemaking theory
    

What is routine activity theory quizlet?

What are the 3 basic schools of thought in explaining the causes of crime?

What are the four choice theories of crime?

What is the general theory of crime quizlet?