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Lifespan Development Newman And Newman 12th Edition Ch 8 Middle Childhood
Terms in this set (45)
What is an example of a vicarious experience that contributes to the sense of self-efficacy?
Watching someone else, who is like you, succeed
Zachary likes to group his Matchbox cars in different categories. Sometimes he sorts them by color, other times by model, and other times by the size of the car. Zachary is showing what trait?
Classification
Which of the following is an example of an out-group attitude fostered through experiences in team play?
Assisting the other team is unethical.
Children who have difficulty acquiring new vocabulary, oversimplify grammatical expressions, and have problems understanding certain expressions of others are likely to have which of the following?
Communication disorder
The work of Erikson and Piaget point to which area as central in psychological development during middle childhood?
Intellectual development
Which of the following is an accurate statement about education in contemporary society?
An important goal of education is to help children acquire the basic tools of learning.
Why are "best friend" relationships important in middle childhood?
They provide a context for working on relationships in which both members have equal power, status, and access to resources.
Which of the following statements is considered a consequence of today's increased exposure to violence for children?
Children may suffer from symptoms similar to post traumatic stress disorder.
Which of these is an example of an in-group attitude of team play?
Recognizing that team members share a common fate
Some children who are rejected tend to be disruptive and aggressive; others tend to be socially withdrawn. Which of the following statements is more characteristic of the aggressive/disruptive children than the socially withdrawn group?
They are more likely to attribute hostile intentions to others.
Which of the following happens to a rejected child in the process of social skill development?
The child comes to expect negative behaviors from others.
Parents' stereotypes about which gender is more talented in a particular area such as math, English, or sports, influence
their child's confidence about being able to perform well in this area.
Children who show evidence of learned helplessness believe
the outcome of most situations is beyond their control.
Which of the following is an example of a sociocultural factor that contributes to the superior mathematical skill development of Japanese and Chinese children?
Japanese and Chinese parents expect their schools to do a better job and put pressure on educators to improve the quality of education.
Bobby is often mean to younger children at school by taunting, teasing, and pushing them. However, when an older boy taunts, teases, and pushes Bobby, he rarely retaliates. It is most likely that Bobby is a(n)
bully-victim.
When a child understands that physical matter does not change in quantity despite changes in form or container, she should be able to do which of the following types of problems?
Conservation problem
Some children who perform well on standardized tests perceive themselves to be below average
in academic ability. Why is this?
These children think their parents have a low opinion of their abilities.
The investigator showed a card to a child and asked: "Are there more radishes or more vegetables in this picture?" What is the investigator likely to be studying?
Classification skills
Clarence is very curious and gets excited when he can learn new things. His positive feelings about learning are indicative of the _________ component of industry.
affective
A student who believes in her ability to approach a new situation and "get the job done" demonstrates
competence.
Why does Piaget use the term "concrete" to describe the quality of thinking that is characteristic of middle childhood?
The term highlights the focus on real objects rather than hypothetical situations and relationships.
The two components of classification are categorization and
induction.
What are the findings of studies that have tried to teach young children (under age 6) to conserve?
With special training, children as young as 4 years old can learn conservation principles and apply them across materials.
In team sports, when one team wins, the other team loses. This results in the creation of which of the following?
In-group and out-group antagonism
Anya has always been a shy, inhibited child. She doesn't participate much in school, and comes across as passive and withdrawn. Likely, she feels a sense of
inertia
Children in middle childhood are least likely to experience ________ .
. stranger anxiety
According to your text, what lesson do children learn most from daily interactions with their peers?
the value of emotional closeness
Peer interaction helps reduce ________ .
egocentrism
One cognitive benefit of active involvement in a peer group is an increase in ________ .
perspective taking
Which group of children is least likely to be identified as at risk for experiencing peer rejection?
younger children
What three concepts are central to the capacity to conserve?
identity, reversibility, and reciprocity
Young children achieve the greatest understanding of their physical world when ________ .
teachers develop a planned approach to exploration
Classification skills require which ability?
ordering subgroups in a hierarchy
Which statement about concrete operational thought in middle childhood is accurate?
Children understand the world in a more logical manner
What element provides a source of information upon which judgments of self-efficacy are based?
physical state
Children who doubt that they have the ability to succeed in a task are more likely to ________ .
give up
Teachers who believe that students' poor performances are due to a lack of effort are more likely to feel ________ toward their students.
anger
What term best describes the phenomenon in which high achievers expect lower levels of success, are less confident, attempt less challenging tasks, and say that their schoolwork is more demanding than their peers?
illusion of incompetence
What significant characteristic of team sports is emphasized in your text?
interdependence
Which statement illustrates an in-group attitude fostered through experiences in team play?
Team members are dependent on one another for success
What is the psychosocial crisis of middle childhood?
industry versus inferiority
Psychosocial theory states that one's basic attitudes toward ________ are formed during the middle childhood period.
work
Cultures devise ways of passing on the wisdom and skills of past generations to its children primarily through ________ .
education
Which consequence is least likely to be a result of exposure to violence in middle childhood?
sensitization to violence
A public health perspective on violence prevention would focus on ________ .
promoting community collaboration in identifying various layers of prevention
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