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__________ is the social institution that organizes a society's production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. | F) The economy |
__________ is a productive system based on service work and high technology. | E) Postindustrial economy |
__________ is the part of the economy that draws raw materials from the natural environment. | M) Primary sector |
__________ is the part of the economy that transforms raw materials into manufactured goods. | R) Secondary sector |
__________ is the part of the economy that involves services rather than goods. | I) Tertiary sector |
__________ is expanding economic activity with little regard for national borders. | L) Global economy |
__________ is an economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned. | D) Capitalism |
__________ is an economic system in which natural resources and the means of production are collectively owned. | A) Socialism |
__________ is a hypothetical economic and political system in which all members of a society are socially equal. | K) Communism |
__________ is an economic and political system that combines a mostly market-based economy with extensive social welfare programs. | Q) Welfare capitalism |
__________ is an economic and political system in which companies are privately owned but cooperate closely with the government. | H) State capitalism |
__________ refers to the jobs that provide extensive benefits to workers. | P) Primary labor market |
__________ refers to the jobs that provide minimal benefits to workers. | T) Secondary labor market |
__________ are organizations of workers that seek to improve wages and working conditions through various strategies, including negotiations and strikes. | N) Labor unions |
A(n) __________ is a prestigious white-collar occupation that requires extensive formal education. | G) profession |
__________ is an economic activity involving income unreported to the government as required by law. | J) Underground economy |
A(n) __________ is an organization with a legal existence, including rights and liabilities, apart from that of its members. | C) corporation |
A(n) __________ is a giant corporation composed of many smaller corporations. | B) conglomerate |
__________ is the domination of a market by a single producer. | O) Monopoly |
__________ is the domination of a market by a few producers. | S) Oligopoly |
__________ is the social institution that distributes power, sets a society's agenda, and makes decisions. | K) Politics |
__________ is the ability to achieve desired ends despite resistance from others. | H) Power |
__________ is a formal organization that directs the political life of a society. | B) government |
__________ is power that people perceive as legitimate rather than coercive. | C) Authority |
__________ is the power legitimized through respect for long-established cultural patterns. | L) Traditional authority |
__________ is power legitimized by legally enacted rules and regulations. | M) Rational-legal authority or bureaucratic authority |
__________ is power legitimized through extraordinary personal abilities that inspire devotion and obedience. | P) Charismatic authority |
__________ refers to the transformation of charismatic authority into some combination of traditional and bureaucratic authority. | W) Routinization of charisma |
__________ is a type of political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation. | T) Monarchy |
10. __________ is a type of political system that gives power to the people as a whole. | I) Democracy |
__________ is a type of political system that denies popular participation in governments. | J) Authoritarianism |
__________ is a highly centralized political system that extensively regulates people's lives. | A) Totalitarianism |
__________ is a range of government agencies and programs that provides benefits to the population. | F) Welfare state |
__________ are political alliances of people interested in some economic or social issue. | U) Special-interest groups |
__________ are organizations formed by special-interest groups, independent of political parties, to raise and spend money in support of political aims. | O) Political action committees (PACs) |
__________ is an analysis of politics that sees power as dispersed among many competing interest groups. | V) Pluralist model |
__________ is an analysis of politics that sees power as concentrated among the rich. | S) Power-elite model |
__________ is an analysis that explains politics in terms of the operation of a society's economic system. | D) Marxist political-economy model |
__________ is the overthrow of one political system in order to establish another. | E) Political revolution |
__________ refers to acts of violence or the threat of such violence used as a political strategy by an individual or group. | G) Terrorism |
__________ is organized, armed conflict among the people of various nations, directed by their governments. | N) War |
__________ is the close association of the federal government, the military, and defense industries. | Q) Military-industrial complex |
__________ is the acquisition of nuclear weapons technology by more and more nations. | R) Nuclear proliferation |
__________ is a social instrument found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to oversee the bearing and raising of children. | K) The family |
__________ is a social bond based on blood, marriage, or adoption. | R) Kinship |
__________ is a legally sanctioned relationship, usually involving economic cooperation as well as sexual activity and childbearing, that people expect to be enduring. | C) Marriage |
__________ is a family unit that includes parents and children as well as other kin. | I) Extended family or Consanguine family |
__________ is a family unit composed of one or two parents and their children. | N) Nuclear family or Conjugal family |
__________ is marriage between people of the same social category. | O) Endogamy |
__________ is marriage between people of different social categories. | P) Exogamy |
__________ is marriage that unites two partners. | E) Monogamy |
__________ is marriage that unites three or more people. | T) Polygamy |
__________ is marriage that unites one man and two or more women. | H) Polygyny |
__________ is marriage that unites one woman and two or more men. | Q) Polyandry |
__________ is a residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the husband's family. | J) Patrilocality |
__________ is a residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the wife's family. | U) Matrilocality |
_________ is a residential pattern in which a married couple lives apart from both sets of parents. | V) Neolocality |
__________ is the system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations. | F) Descent |
__________ is a system tracing kinship through men. | L) Patrilineal descent |
__________ is a system tracing kinship through women. | S) Matrilineal descent |
__________ is a system tracing kinship through both men and women. | G) Bilateral descent |
__________ is a norm forbidding sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives. | W) Incest taboo |
__________ is marriage between people with the same social characteristics. | M) Homogamy |
__________ is sexual activity outside marriage. | D) Infidelity |
__________ is emotional, physical, or sexual abuse of one family member by another. | A) Family violence |
__________ is the sharing of a household by an unmarried couple. | B) Cohabitation |
In which type of political system does power pass from generation to generation in a single family?
Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century. Monarchy is a form of government in which a single family rules from generation to generation. The power, or sovereignty, is personified in a single individual.
What are the 3 types of political systems?
To theorize and understand corruption in a political context, Johnston (2005) reclassifies the three main political systems (i.e. democratic, hybrid and authoritarian) into four regime types: Developed liberal democracies. New or reforming democracies.
What are the four types of political systems?
The major types of political systems are democracies, monarchies, oligarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Authoritarian and totalitarian regimes are more unstable politically because their leaders do not enjoy legitimate authority and instead rule through fear.
What is a democratic political system?
This means that our government is elected by citizens. Here, citizens vote for their government officials. These officials represent the citizens' ideas and concerns in government. Voting is one way to participate in our democracy. Citizens can also contact their officials when they want to support or change a law.