QUESTION 1
The process of racial formation explains how groups like ____ have been defined as "races" despite the differences and nationalities of the groups composing these categories.
Asian Americans
Latinos
Native Americans
all of the above
All of the above
QUESTION 2
Prejudice is frequently reflected in ethnocentrism. Generally, ethnocentric persons feel
that:
their group is superior to all other groups
a cultural trait must be judged based on the context in which it appears
assimilation of minorities strengthens one's society by promoting a sense of social solidarity
all of the above
their group is superior to all other groups
QUESTION 3
The assumption that racial differences are purely biological is problematic because:
the categories used to divide groups into races are not fixed and vary from society to society
the biological characteristics that have been used to define different racial groups vary both within and between groups
different groups use different criteria to define racial groups
all of the above
all of the above
QUESTION 4
"The racial order has social stability when diverse racial and ethnic groups are
assimilated into society." This statement most closely reflects:
functionalism
conflict theory
symbolic interaction
feminist theory
functionalism
QUESTION 5
Although race has no deterministic, biological bases, it still:
influences heredity
has important social influence
has genetic importance
has physical importance
has important social influence
QUESTION 6
While the histories of African Americans, Hispanics, and Asian Americans are very different, these groups are alike because of a common experience of:
White supremacy
economic exploitation
political disenfranchisement
all of the above
all of the above
QUESTION 7
An ethnic group is a social category
of people who:
share a common culture
have a consciousness of a common cultural bond
are bound by common historical and social experiences
all of the above
all of the above
QUESTION 8
Residential segregation by race or ethnicity no longer exists in the United States.
True
False
False
QUESTION
9
A race-specific policy for reducing job and educational inequality is referred to as:
racial quotas
the Marshall plan
preference action
affirmative action
affirmative action
QUESTION 10
Italian Americans, Arab Americans, and Mexican Americans are all examples of ethnic groups in the United States.
True
False
True
QUESTION 11
In Nazi Germany, Hitler defined Jews as a(n):
ethnic group
race
counterculture
subculture
race
QUESTION 12
Prejudice (an attitude) and discrimination (behavior) are two phenomena that always go together.
True
False
False
QUESTION 13
No ethnic group in U.S.
history has escaped the process of categorization and stereotyping.
True
False
True
QUESTION 14
The minority group that has suffered a population decline considered by some to be the most drastic and steepest of any people in the history of the entire world is:
Native Americans
African Americans
Latinos
Asian Americans
of these.
Native Americans
QUESTION 15
The principle of ____ holds that stereotypes, especially negative ones, are often interchangeable from one gender to another and from one racial or ethnic group to another.
cultural relativism
stereotype interchangeability
selective identity
universal applicability
stereotype interchangeability
QUESTION 16
What term refers
to a group of people who share a set of physical characteristics and a bloodline?
race
genes
genetics
heredity
race
QUESTION 17
Racist thinking is characterized by the belief that:
humans are divided into distinct bloodlines or physical types
distinct bloodlines or physical traits are linked to distinct cultures and behaviors
certain groups are superior to others
Racist thinking is characterized by all
Racist thinking is characterized by all
QUESTION 18
Institutional racism has all but disappeared in America since the civil rights legislation passed during the 1960s.
True
False
False
QUESTION 1
Reproductive technology has increased the number of multiple births, which leads to the ethical issue of:
whether to abort some of the embryos
health inequality
health and nutritional inadequacies
all of these
whether to abort some of the embryos
QUESTION 2
The health care system is structured along the same lines as other social institutions.
True
False
True
QUESTION 3
A tax that is put on items that are considered "unhealthy" is referred to as:
a fat tax
a junk food tax
a sin tax
an obesity tax
a sin tax
QUESTION 4
The longevity discrepancy between blacks and whites is a sign of:
genetics
lifestyle differences
social inequality
health disparities
social inequality
QUESTION 5
Which theoretical perspective on the sociology of health states that the health care system has certain functions, both positive and negative?
Functionalism
Conflict theory
Symbolic interactionist
Social constructionist
Functionalism
QUESTION 6
Symbolic interactionist analysis of the health-care system argues that:
the definitions of illness and wellness are culturally relative
most, if not all of the problems of the health-care system are structural, not socially constructed
a major strength of medical practitioners is their ability to relate to and empathize with patients
a pattern of societal expectations apply to one who is ill
the definitions of illness and wellness are culturally relative
QUESTION 7
Sociologists believe the terminology used for gender is important because it reflects:
more egalitarian views
the lower status of women
stereotypes of masculinity and femininity in the larger society
the equality between men and women in the larger society
stereotypes of masculinity and femininity in the larger society
QUESTION 8
Which of the following is NOT one of the ways doctors establish their power?
display diplomas
use a desk between doctor and patient
have medical staff prescreen you for eligibility before you see the doctor
make you wait for an appointment
have medical staff prescreen you for eligibility before you see the doctor
QUESTION 9
In the United States, the group with the highest life expectancy is:
White men
White women
African American women
Hispanic women
White women
QUESTION 10
Functionalists refer to a pattern of expectations that society applies to one who is ill as:
invalidation
pathology patterning
the sick role
illness patterning
the sick role
QUESTION 11
Which of the following is not an obligation of the sick role?
try to treat the illness with over-the-counter medicines first
try to get well
follow the doctor's orders
seek treatment from a competent doctor
try to treat the illness with over-the-counter medicines first
QUESTION 12
Which theoretical perspective on the sociology of health states that doctors, nurses, and other medical personnel should periodically take the sick role of the patient, as an instructional device?
Functionalism
Conflict
theory
Symbolic interactionist
Social constructionist
Symbolic interactionist
QUESTION 13
A major contributor to skyrocketing health-care costs is the:
soaring costs of hospital care
rise in fees for the services of physicians
third party payment system
all of the above
all of the above
QUESTION 14
A problem area in the U.S. health-care system frequently cited by functionalists as dysfunctional in its consequences is:
unequal distribution of healthcare by race-ethnicity, social class, or gender
unequal distribution of healthcare by region
inadequate health education of inner-city and rural parents
all of the above
all of the above
QUESTION 15
In the United States, social class has little effect on health and the availability of health services.
True
False
False
QUESTION 16
When it comes to health care, Western societies are:
uninvolved
passive
reactive
proactive
reactive
QUESTION 17
Which theoretical perspective on the sociology of health states that patients are patronized and infantilized?
Functionalism
Conflict theory
Symbolic interactionist
Social constructionist
Symbolic interactionist
QUESTION 18
Conflict theorists maintain that a fundamental problem of healthcare is:
the long period of time that doctors must attend school that only produces modest earnings
that excessive bureaucratization of the health-care system and privatization lead to excessive cost
the patronizing attitudes that doctors have toward patients
the infantilizing of patients in waiting rooms
that excessive bureaucratization of the health-care system and privatization lead to excessive cost
QUESTION 19
Which theoretical perspective on the sociology of health states that health care reflects the inequalities in society?
Functionalism
Conflict
theory
Symbolic interactionist
Social constructionist
Conflict theory
QUESTION 20
After mental illness became "medicalized," what was one major change that occurred?
Medication replaced counseling.
Insurance companies started paying for treatment.
Therapy and medications went hand-in-hand.
Mental illness have decreased with the use of medications.
Medication replaced counseling.