Adler and Adler's work on self-injury reflects which of the three major sociological approaches?
Which term is used to describe a systematic, organized series of steps that ensures maximum objectivity and consistency in researching a problem?
Second step of the scientific method
If you were interested in studying the relationship between date and acquaintance rape victims and the characteristics of the rapist, your first step would be to
An explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to assess the concept
Which operational definition does Schaefer sue in his research example to illustrate the scientific method?
A sociologist who is interested in examining racism n sports might determine what percentage of team owners, general managers, coaches, and managers are members of each racial group, this would be an example of developing a
Which sociological perspective would most likely suggest that education is necessary for people to earn more money and advance in society for the purpose of social stability?
Functionalist Perspective
A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is know as
The statement "Women who receive welfare are less likely than other women to have babies" is an example of
The statement "Most homeless people are not mentally ill" is an example of a
A measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions
Income, religion, race, gender, and marital status can all be examples of
The availability of affordable housing
Social scientists call the variable that is hypothesized to cause or influence another variable
Sociological studies have indicated that people who are married are less likely to commit suicide than people who are divorced. In this example, marital status is a
The race of a criminal offender is associated with the frequency with which capital punishment is administered. In this example, capital punishment would be considered the
The relationship between a condition or a variable and a particular consequence, ith one event leading to the other, is known as
The statement "People who live in poverty have shorter life expectancies than wealthier citizens" is an example of
The statement "Eating fewer fats and carbohydrates will lead to weight loss" is an example of
The greater likelihood of a person who is less integrated into society committing suicide illustrates
The relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other is know as a
Individuals who have divorced parens are more likely to divorce than individuals who have parents who did not divorce. This statements is an example of a
In which type of sample does each member of the entire population being studied have the same chance of being selected?
A research measure that provides consistant results is considered
what type of research measures gathering of accurate data
What would be considered a valid measure of an individual's intelligence
What type of sample would a researcher likely employ in order to study illegal drug users?
What was the source of the data collected in the research example given by Schaefer in Chapter 2?
General social survey, National opinion research center
A factor held constant to test the relative impact of the independent variable is known as a
A detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically
Selecting a research design is important because it may affect both the amount and time and the
A study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire that provides sociologists with information concerning how people think or act is known as
To conduct a cross-cultural study of job discrimination against women, a sociologist interviews 75 women between the ages of 20 and 40 in an American city, and 75 women in the same age group in a Canadian city. This study would be classified as a
Surveys and interviews that focus on macro sociological analyses would be likely to follow which theoretical perspectives
Conflict and Functionalist perspectives
Observation research is the most common form of _________ research which relies on what is seen in the field and in naturalistic settings more than it does on statistical data
When a researcher collects information about a group through direct involvement and inspection, this is known as
A sociologist attends meetings at all the schools and churches in his community over several years, and meets as many residents as he can for the purpose of exploring all facets of the community's social life. He then compiles a detailed description of the community. He is conducting a
The initial challenge that this sociologist and other participant observers encounter is gaining acceptance into an unfamiliar group
When a sociologist actually joins a group for a period to get an accurate sense of how it operates, the approach is called
What was the goal of social scientists embedded with the U.S. military in Afghanistan and Iraq?
Polling on public opinion on political & social issues
An artificially created situation that allows the researcher to manipulate variables and to introduce control variables is known as a
In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the independent variable is called the
People may behave differently in artificial situations than they would in the "real world." This poses a particular problem for researchers using
What term do sociologists use to describe the phenomenon whereby subjects deviate from their typical behavior because they realize they are under observation?
A sociologist decides to study the interaction among students in the college's computer center. When the students realize they are under observation, they becom shy and reserved in their interactons. This is an example of
includes a variety of research techniques that use previously collected & publicly accessible info & data
Sociologists consider secondary analysis to be
Nonreactive form of research
Early sociologist ______ conducted an examination of suicide using secondary analysis
An inherent problem in using secondary sources of data is that
the researcher who relies on data collected by some one else may not find exactly what is needed
A researcher studies adolescent attitudes about senior citizens by analyzing depictions of the elderly in the lyrics of popular music and the content of teen magazines. This is an example of
Erving Goffman's pioneering exploration of how advertising portrays women as dependent upon men would most likely illustrate which perspective
when was sociology's code of ethics first published?
Maintain objectivity & integrity in research
respect the subjects right to privacy & dignity
protect subjects from personal harm
acknowledge research collaboration & assistance
disclose all sources of financial support
which existing data sources are used most frequently for sociological research?
In what action involving research was the Exxon Corporation engaged after the 1989 Valdez disaster?
Chose to shift scientists' attention to validity of the legal awards in environmental cases
"Value neutrality" in social science research was initially called for by
According to Max Weber, investigators have an ethical obligation to accept research findings even when the data run counter to
Their personal views, theoretically based explanations, or widely excepted beliefs
Alvin Gouldner has suggested that sociologists continue to use objectivity as a sacred justification for remaining uncritical of existing institutions and centers of power. This point of view emphasizes which theoretical perspective?
Conflict & Feminist Perspectives
The Death of White Sociology, which called attention to the tendency of mainstream sociology to treat the lives of African Americans as a social problem, was written by
Which sociologist argued that sociological research should focus on social change and on relevant research developed by non-sociologists?
After the conclusion of his/her research on the homeless in Chicago, socioogist Peter Rossi state that "in the short term,
sociologist Good social research will often be greeted as a betrayal of one or another side to a particular controversy
According to your textbook, why was the continued use of bowling alleys, street corners, and neighborhood taverns troublesome as locations for research
most locations took place where men typically congregated
Feminist researchers would be most interested in which aspects of global research?
Traditional distinction between industrial nations & developing countries
According to the text book author, feminist researchers
Tend to involve & consult their subjects more & are more oriented towards seeking change, raising public consciousness & influencing policy.
In what ways could a researcher manipulate her data when using qualitative software programs?
Adobe used to create sequences about infant development, analytical conclusions
The authors of the National Health and Social Life Survey argue that their research on human sexual behavior is important and that using data from their survey allows policy makers to more easily address issues such as AIDS, sexual harassment, welfare reform, abortion, and teenage pregnancy. This position best reflects the view of which sociological perspective?
Functionalist Perspective
What term is used to show the portion of 100?
The number calculated by adding a series of values and then dividing by the number of values is referred to as the
The single most common value in a series of scores is referred to as the
The midpoint or number which divides a series of values into two groups of equal numbers of values is referred to as the
What is a popular form of summary many sociologists utilize to quickly and clearly show a relationship between two variables?
T or F: The third step in the scientific method is reviewing the literature
T or F:In the statement "the more a person exercises, the longer he or she will live," longevity is the independent variable
T or F: Correlations are an indication that causality is always present
T or F: A magazine asks its readers to complete a survey that questions them about their sexual practices. Based on the responses that it receives, the magazine publishes an article entitled "The Sexual Practices of Men and Women in the U.S." This magazine has conducted a valid random sample to support its article.
T or F: Validity refers to the degree to which a measure or scale truly reflects the phenomenon under study
T or F: Selection of a research design will influence both the cost of a research project and the amount of time needed to collect the results of the research
T or F: An interviewer is likely to obtain a higher response rate than a printed survey form would
T or F: In criticizing the call for a value-free sociology, Alvin Gouldner suggests that sociologists may use objectivity as a sacred justification for remaining uncritical of existing institutions and centers of power