The part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas.
The part of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons.
The part of the CPU that sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, the registers, the primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices.Definition
High-speed storage area used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before, during, and after execution by the CPU.Definition
also called main memory or memory , holds program instructions and data, is closely associated with the CPU.Definition
The simultaneous execution of two or more instructions at the same time.
Multicore Microprocessors
A microprocessor that combines two or more independent processors into a single computer so that they share the workload and improve processing capacity.
The simultaneous execution of the same task on multiple processors to obtain results faster.
The use of a collection of computers, often owned by multiple individuals or organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem
Compared with memory, secondary storage offers the advantages of nonvolatility, greater capacity, and greater economy.
Direct Access (Secondary Storage)
data can be retrieved directly, without having to pass by other data in sequence. With direct access, it is possible to go directly to and access the needed data—such as part number 125—without reading through parts 001 through 124. For this reason, direct access is usually faster than sequential access.
Sequential Access (Secondary Storage)
means that data must be accessed in the order in which it is stored. For example, inventory data stored sequentially may be stored by part number, such as 100, 101, and 102. If you want to retrieve information on part number 125, you need to read and discard all the data relating to parts 001 through 124.
Magnetic Tape (Sequential)
A type of sequential secondary storage medium, now used primarily for storing backups of critical organizational data in the event of a disaster.
Magnetic disks are direct access storage devices that enable fast data retrieval and are used by companies that need to respond quickly to customer requests.
A method of storing data that generates extra bits of data from existing data enabling the system to create a “reconstruction map” so that if a hard drive fails, the system can rebuild lost data.
A storage device for less frequently needed data so that it appears to be stored entirely on tape cartridges, although some parts of it might actually be located on faster hard disks
SAN (Storage Area Network)
A high-speed, special-purpose network that integrates different types of data storage devices (e.g. hard disk drives, magnetic tape, solid state secondary storage devices) into a single storage system and connects that to computing resources across an entire organization.
Solid state storage devices (SSDs)
store data in memory chips rather than magnetic or optical media. These memory chips require less power and provide faster data access than magnetic data-storage devices.
Storage as a Service (SaaS)
Storage as a service is a data storage model where a data storage service provider rents space to individuals and organizations.
keyboard, speech recog, scanning devices, micr, rfid and barcode, pen and touchcreen.
monitors, printers, plotters
single computer, single user
A computer used by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or Internet applications (single computer, many users)
A server that houses many individual computer motherboards that include one or more processors, computer memory, computer storage, and computer network connections
A large, powerful computer often shared by hundreds of concurrent users connected to the machine via terminals.
The most powerful computer system with the fastest processing speed. Special purpose
is a set of computer programs that control the computer hardware and act as an interface with application programs.
Program that helps to perform maintenance or correct problems with a computer system.
Software that allows various systems to communicate and exchange data. often developed to address situations where a company acquires different types of information systems through mergers, acquisitions, or expansion and wants the systems to share data and interact.
Application program interface (API)
applications request services from the OS through defined API. programmers use api to create application software without understanding the inner working of the OS.
Application software applies the power of a computer to give individuals, workgroups, and the entire enterprise the ability to solve problems and perform specific tasks.