What is a characteristic that distinguishes political parties from interest groups and social movements quizlet?

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2. Political Science
3. Political Behavior

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1. Social Science
2. Sociology
3. Applied Sociology

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Terms in this set (47)

A democracy is a - in which the - -.

A democracy is a political system in which the people rule.

According to Neil Smelser's theory of structural strain, place the first four stages of a social movement in chronological order from first to last.

structural conduciveness
structural strain
generalized beliefs
precipitating factors

According to Max Weber, what conditions must be met in order for a democratic government to be effective?

1. There must be political leaders who can rise above governmental bureaucracy.
2. There must be different political parties that represent different interests.

What distinguishes the fields-of-action theory of social movements from the other theories of social movements in the textbook?

Fields-of-action theory draws more attention to the interaction between a social movement and other organizations, movements, and prior history.

What is the role of interest groups, according to pluralist theories of modern democracy?

They limit the centralization of power.

Identify the statements as characteristic of populist authoritarianism, or not.

1. assertive leadership that values security over civil liberties
2. strong nationalism that is anti-immigrant and anti-globalization

Governments exercise -, a form of - legitimized by a belief system that justifies its use. Those who are subject to a government's rule voluntarily - to it.

authority
power
consent

Winner-Take-All Approach

Countries with this electoral system typically end up with two dominant political parties.
This electoral system is prevalent in the United States.

Proportional Representation Approach

Elected representatives in countries with this electoral system often have to form coalitions in order to form a government.
Countries with this electoral system typically end up with several political parties, representing divergent interests.

social right

the right to earn a minimum wage

civil right

the right to equal justice
Correct label:
the right to own property

political right

the right to earn a minimum wage

How is party voting associated with income in the United States?

As income increases, voters are more likely to vote for Republicans.

What resources does the theory of structural strain suggest are important for organizing and sustaining a social movement?

regular communication
funding
leadership

What roles do nation-states still play, even in the current era of globalization?

Nation-states form alliances with one another.
Nation-states wage wars.
Nation-states enforce laws.

Identify whether the following groups have higher or lower voter turnout.

high-income (compared to low-income individuals)
more highly educated (compared to less highly educated individuals)

Which of the following types of rights are associated with being a citizen?

civil rights
social rights
political rights

What must occur for a social movement to become a revolution?

It must overthrow the government in charge.

Which of the following examples best supports a pluralist theory of democracy, as opposed to the theories of democratic elitism and the power elite?

State and national laws have been passed in response to efforts made by the group Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), with input from auto industry representatives and privacy advocates.

New Social Movement(s)

the environmental movement
the Black Lives Matter movement

Conventional Social Movement(s)

the anti-abortion ("pro-life") movement
the movement to raise the minimum wage

What are the primary characteristics of a liberal democracy?

The majority of adults in a liberal democracy have a right to vote.
Voters choose among representatives of a small number of political parties.

Which of the following statements about the Tea Party are accurate?

The Tea Party is not actually a political party; it is a well-organized social movement.
The Tea Party advocates for a smaller role of government in the economy.

On the graph, select the bars that represent the U.S. military budget and the Russian military budget.

1st and 3rd

What is one political implication of the prediction that the United States will be a majority-minority country by 2044, at which point non-Hispanic whites will comprise less than half (47 percent) of the population?

Democrats will have an electoral advantage over Republicans.

What effect did the Supreme Court decision in the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission have on elections in the United States?

Corporations and unions now have a greater voice in elections than in the past.

Place each lobbying group on the bars in the graph that represent the type of lobbyist it is (business, labor, ideological, or other).

1. National
Association of
Realtors

2. International Brotherhood
of Electrical
Workers (union)

3. National Rifle
Association

4. University
of
Wisconsin

pluralist theories

Democratic governments rely on the expertise of bureaucrats, which are balanced by strong political leaders elected by a free citizenry.

power elite

A small and unrepresentative group of leaders hold enormous sway over governmental policy.

democratic elitism

Interest groups compete among themselves to have power over decision making, providing a balance of power within democracies.

- are organizations that - elected officials to support the aims of each organization.

Interest groups
lobby

According to the textbook, identify the reasons why Americans are less likely to vote than citizens in many other countries.

1. Americans have the opportunity to vote more often and for more positions.
2. The registration process is more complex in the United States than in other countries.
3. The winner-take-all system discourages third parties that would give voters more viable choices.

Select the bolded phrases that describe ways in which the Internet likely shaped the 2016 presidential election.

"Fake news" stemmed from individuals, U.S. groups, and Russia
One effective strategy was "twitterstorms

According to Karl Marx, social movements arise in response to -, which is brought about by a fundamental - in society.

class struggle
contradiction

Participatory Democracy

The people regularly assemble to make decisions about proposed policies.
This system is ideal for a relatively small number of people.

Direct Democracy

Voters participate in decision making by voting for or against proposed policies, without meeting face-to-face with other voters.
This system is ideal for a relatively larger number of voters, or those scattered over a large region.

What is a welfare state?

a state in which the government provides certain material, or economic, benefits for its citizens

Which of the following are expressions of nationalism?

belief in the possibilities of the American Dream
fans singing "The Star Spangled Banner" at a sporting event

In which scenario is a social movement most likely to occur, according to James Davies's theory of how relative deprivation motivates social action?

a country in which citizens have limited civil rights, but recent gains have been made in the right to free speech

One benefit of the Internet is that it has minimized the importance of socioeconomic differences between people within the United States and abroad; everyone has access to the Internet, and therefore can take part in online activities.

false

A failed state is a state in which the government no longer has sovereignty over its people.

true

According to Charles Tilly's analysis of revolutionary social change, identify each scenario as an example of collective action, or not.

In the nineteenth century, the peasantry overthrew the monarchy in France.

On Jan. 21, 2017, hundreds of thousands of protesters gathered in Washington D.C. for the Women's March.

Democratic candidate Clinton

younger voters
Correct label:
black and Hispanic voters

Republican candidate Trump

Correct label:
older voters
Correct label:
voters from small towns and rural areas

In places such as Chad, Somalia, and Sudan, the central government has lost authority over large parts of its national territory and resorts to force in an effort to retain at least some degree of power. Which term best describes what failed states such as these have lost?

sovereignty

Why did most developing nations go through a different process of nation formation than countries in the developed world?

Colonial powers imposed physical boundaries and state apparatuses on the countries they colonized.

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