The area of moral philosophy known as “value theory” includes questions such as a. Is morality objective? b. What do we owe to each other? c. What kind of life is most worth living? d. How do we know which actions are morally right?
c. What kind of life is most worth living?
The question “do the ends justify the means?” falls within the area of a. value theory. b. normative ethics c. metaethics. d. moral psychology
The claim that morality is a human invention and therefore not objective is a claim about a. applied ethics b. value theory. c. normative ethics. d. metaethics
In philosophy, an argument is a. a formal debate between two parties who disagree. b. a heated confrontation concerning a key philosophical issue. c. a chain of reasoning consisting of a set of reasons that supports some conclusion d. an objection to a stated philosophical position.
c. a chain of reasoning consisting of a set of reasons that supports some conclusion
It is impossible for a valid argument to have a. true premises and a false conclusion b. true premises and a true conclusion. c. false premises and a false conclusion. d. none of the above.
a. true premises and a false conclusion
A moral agent is a. someone who acts morally all the time. b. someone who acts in accordance with the ethics of his or her profession. c. anyone who is capable of controlling his or her behavior through moral reasoning d. any individual whose interests we must consider in order to act morally.
c. anyone who is capable of controlling his or her behavior through moral reasoning
“Conventional morality” is a. the set of laws of a particular government. b. the set of principles genuinely believed by a moral agent. c. the set of traditional principles that are widely shared within a culture or society d. the set of true moral principles.
c. the set of traditional principles that are widely shared within a culture or society
What area of moral philosophy deals with questions about what our moral obligations are? a. Value theory b. Normative ethics c. Metaethics d. Moral epistemology
14. (Q1) What is the best description of the following argument? If the sky is yellow, then grass is pink. The sky is yellow. Therefore, grass is pink. a. Valid and sound b. Valid but unsound c. Invalid but sound d. Invalid and unsound
(Q1,) Objective moral standards are a. those that all moral theories agree upon. b. those that apply to everyone, regardless of what they believe c. those that are knowable to all. d. all of the above.
b. those that apply to everyone, regardless of what they believe
(Q1) Moral skepticism is a. the view that there are no objective moral standards b. the denial that our culture's moral code is correct. c. the denial that our individual moral beliefs are always correct. d. the view that the same moral standards apply to everyone.
a. the view that there are no objective moral standards
(Q1) Moral nihilists believe that a. all moral truths are relative to a culture. b. all moral truths are relative to an individual. c. there are moral truths, but we cannot know them. d. there are no moral truths
d. there are no moral truths
Someone is definitely a cultural relativist if he or she believes that a. different cultures have different moral codes. b. the moral code of a society is a fallible guide to our moral obligations. c. the guiding ideals of a society determine what is right or wrong d. our culture's basic moral code is worse than those of at least some other cultures.
c. the guiding ideals of a society determine what is right or wrong
According to ethical subjectivism, what is intrinsically valuable? a. Whatever you think is intrinsically valuable b. Whatever society thinks is intrinsically valuable c. Your own opinions d. Nothing
According to ideal observer subjectivism, an action is morally right if a. I approve of it b. a third party would approve of it. c. everyone approves of it. d. I would approve of it if I were fully informed and perfectly rational
d. I would approve of it if I were fully informed and perfectly rational
If cultural relativism is true, what happens when the moral code of a society changes? a. Such changes always indicate moral progress. b. Such changes only rarely indicate moral progress. c. Such changes never indicate moral progress d. It is impossible for a society's moral code to change, according to cultural relativism.
c. Such changes never indicate moral progress
If I say, “The death penalty is immoral,” what does this mean, according to ethical subjectivism? a. The death penalty is objectively morally wrong. b. My society disapproves of the death penalty. c. I disapprove of the death penalty d. This claim is meaningless, according to ethical subjectivism.
c. I disapprove of the death penalty
If something is intrinsically valuable, then it must a. bring about other good things. b. be valuable for its own sake c. be recognized to be valuable by everyone, not just some people. d. be attainable by everyone.
b. be valuable for its own sake
According to hedonism, the key ingredient to a good life is a. happiness b. getting what you want. c. doing God's will d. being kind to others.
Hedonists believe that a. pleasure is not very important to having a good life. b. physical pleasure and attitudinal pleasure are equally valuable. c. physical pleasure is more important than attitudinal pleasure. d. attitudinal pleasure is more important than physical pleasure Term