Are strongly held norms with moral and ethical connotations that if violated may result in serious consequences within a particular culture?

50.__________ are norms considered to be less important, are unwritten and are commonlyunderstood standards of behavior among people who share an identity.a.Informal moresb.Folkwaysc.Communal normsd.Negative sanctionsAnswer:aPage: 47LO: 5TYPE: ConceptualSOURCE: Modified

51.During a church service, a parishioner talks loudly to the person sitting next to her. A manin another pew turns around, frowns at her, and says "Shh." This illustrates a__________.cPage: 47LO: 5TYPE: AppliedSOURCE: Modified

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52.__________ are informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated withoutserious consequences within a particular culture. They provide rules for conduct but arenot considered to be essential to society’s survival.bPage: 47LO: 5TYPE: ConceptualSOURCE: Pickup

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53.In the United States, __________ might include using a napkin when eating and sayingexcuse me after bumping into someone.bPage: 47LO: 5TYPE: AppliedSOURCE: Modified

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54.As you are rushing from one class to the next, you absentmindedly forget to hold the dooropen for the person coming through behind you. The consequence is that the person hasthe door slammed in their face. Which of these cultural components has your behaviorviolated?a.a taboob.a folkwayc.a sanctiond.social mores

The discrepancy between the two results in social problems.Sociologists stress that a gap always exists between ideal culture and real culture in a society.For example, we may claim to be law-abiding (ideal cultural value) but smoke marijuana (real cultural behaviour), or we may regularly drive over the speed limit but think of ourselves as “good citizens.”Large discrepancies provide a foothold for demonstrating hypocrisy (pretending to be what one is not, or to feel what one does not feel). These discrepancies are often a source of social problems; if the discrepancy is perceived,leaders of social movements may use them to point out people’s contradictory behaviour. For example, preserving our natural environment may be a core value, but our behaviour (such as driving energy-guzzling vehicles and polluting lakes) contributes to its degradation. NormsNorms:Established rules of behaviour or standards of conduct.oPrescriptive: what behaviour is appropriate (example: to pay taxes, or to vote in some countries).oProscriptive: what behaviour is not appropriate.Values provide ideals or beliefs about behaviour but do not state explicitly how we shouldbehave.Norms, on the other hand, have specific behavioural expectations. Formal and Informal NormsFormal norms: Written down and involve specific punishments for violators.

Informal norms: Unwritten standards of behaviour understood by people who share a common identity.Sanctions: Rewards for appropriate behaviour or penalties for inappropriate behaviour. Examples of positive sanctions include praise, honours, or medals for conformity to specific norms. Negative sanctions range from mild disapproval to life imprisonment.In the case of law, formal sanctions are clearly defined and can be administered only by persons in certain official positions (such as police officers and judges). These people have the authority to impose the sanctions.Informal sanctions are not clearly defined and can be applied by any member of a group. Examples are frowning at someone or making a negative comment or gesture.FolkwaysFolkways:Informal norms or everyday customs that may be violated without serious consequences within a particular culture.Norms are also classified according to their relative social importance.They provide rules for conduct but are not considered essential to society’s survival. Folkways are not often enforced, and when they are, the resulting sanctions tend to be informal and relatively mild.Folkways are culture-specific; they are learned patterns of behaviour that can vary markedly from one society to another. Students can be asked for examples. Examples: brushing teeth, kinds of clothes, gestures, religious fasting, kinds of cars we buy, kinds of houses we live in.

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Jean-BaptisteMarioSamedy

What are the norms that may be violated without serious consequences?

Which of the following norms is so strong that their violation is considered to be extremely offensive?

Which term refers to informal norms that are based in accepted tradition and demonstrate respect for the generalized other?

Which term refers to standards of behavior that are considered very important in any society?